Parkinson’s disease, a progressive movement disorder of the brain, demands proper dietary care to maintain brain health and manage symptoms. Although no diet can cure Parkinson’s, experts agree that nutrition is important in reducing risk, slowing disease progression, and enhancing overall well-being. 

Today, on World Parkinson’s Day, First Check spoke with Dr. Pankaj Agarwal, Head of the Department of Neurology at Gleneagles Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, to gain expert advice on the best foods for Parkinson’s patients to maintain active brain and healthy bodies—and those best avoided. 

What to Eat: A Brain-Friendly, Balanced Food

Dr Agarwal emphasized the need for a balanced diet, high in nutrients that guard brain cells and aid body functions. 

“An individual with Parkinson’s disease should maintain a well-balanced diet to promote brain health, control symptoms, and enhance well-being,” he said. 

Meals, according to him, must be made of fruits, vegetables, whole grain foods, lean proteins such as  fish, eggs, and legumes, and healthy fats like olive oil and nuts. 

“Antioxidant-rich foods like berries and leafy greens are a must. Foods high in antioxidants can potentially safeguard brain cells,” Dr. Agarwal points out, citing their use against oxidative stress, a significant cause of Parkinson’s.

High-fiber foods are also essential, as they avoid constipation—a frequent condition among patients. Dr Agarwal explained that fiber foods aid digestion and avert constipation. He also recommended fatty fish (salmon, sardines), which calm brain inflammation and aid dopamine production, the chemical lacking in Parkinson’s. 

“Fermented foods such as yogurt, prebiotics like garlic and bananas, and colorful vegetables such as carrots and bell peppers further aid gut health, which is important for the gut-brain axis, and last but not least, hydration is also important,” Dr Agarwal added.

Foods not good for Parkinson’s

While some foods are good for Parkinson’s patients, others can worsen symptoms. According to Dr Agarwal patients must reduce saturated fats, processed foods, and sweet snacks, which can exacerbate inflammation and fatigue.

“Caffeine, alcohol, and smoking should also be avoided because these can affect the effectiveness of medications and overall health,” he said. 

Ultra-processed foods have minimal nutritional benefit and can potentially enhance inflammation, and excessive dairy can be challenging for some. “Taking regular meals, being sensitive to timing with medications, and eating a nutritious diet are crucial for the patients,” he said.

Caregiver Support for Parkinson’s patients

Highlighting the necessity of customized plans, Dr Agarwal advised that the caregivers of the patient should seek the assistance of an expert on the right diet plan.

“Paired with exercise, good sleep, and stress management, a good diet can fortify the gut-brain axis, potentially slowing down Parkinson’s,” Dr Agarwal said.

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